PICIDAE (2 species)

Sphyrapicus varius Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
Acc Revillagigedo Is (Socorro).

Colaptes auratus Northern Flicker
C. a. rufipileus Res (extirp?) Guadalupe I.

FALCONIDAE (13 species)

Placement of the caracaras within Falconidae was confirmed by Griffiths (1999; see also Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001).

Falco berigora Brown Falcon
Acc May Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004, Hutton 1991).

F. sparverius American Kestrel
F. s. fernandensis Res Juan Fernandez Is (Isla Robinson Crusoe =Mas Atierra).
F. s. guadalupensis Res Guadalupe I.
F. s. subsp. Cas mostly Oct-Apr Revillagigedo Is (AOU 1998; Clarion, Wanless et al 2009); ?Desventuradas Is (Palmer 1988).

F. tinnunculus Eurasian Kestrel
F. t. interstinctus Cas s Izu Is, Ogasawara Is, Iwo Is, Mariana Is (Saipan, Sep Guam, Wiles et al 2000).

F. amurensis Amur Red-footed Falcon
Acc Mariana Is (Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991).

F. cenchroides Nankeen Kestrel
F. c. cenchroides Res Lord Howe I, Norfolk I. Cas New Caledonia (3 recs Apr and Jul Grande Terre and Lifou, Barre and Dutson 2000, Dutson 2011), NZ (NI, SI).

F. columbarius Merlin
F. c. subsp? Vis Oct-Apr Revillagigedo Is. Cas Hawaiian Is (2 recs Midway Oct-Mar, 3 recs Oct-Mar SE Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009).

F. subbuteo Northern Hobby
F. s. subsp? Hypo Mariana Is ("just possibly" Guam, Pagan, Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001, but considered hypo Mariana Is by Pyle and Engbring 1985 and Reichel and Glass 1991).

F. severus Oriental Hobby
F. s. papuanus Res Solomon Is (Buka, Bougainville, Choiseul, Ghizo, Kolombangara, Guadalcanal, Makira, Santa Isabel, Mayr and Diamond 2001; rec Nissan likely winter visitor, Hadden 2004b). Hypo Palau (Pyle and Engbring 1985).

F. longipennis Australian Hobby
Hypo New Caledonia (Grande Terre, "possible", Dutson 2011).

F. novaezeelandiae New Zealand Falcon
Res total pop 3000-4500 prs NZ (NI, SI, Great Barrier I, extirp Stewart I OSNZ 2010), Auckland Is 10 prs. Acc Campbell I (Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001).

F. subniger Black Falcon
Acc NZ (Nov 1983 NI, OSNZ 2010).

F. peregrinus Peregrine Falcon
F. p. fruitii Extinct? Res Iwo Is (4 prs Kitaiwojima), ?Ogasawara Is (Brazil 1991). Acc s Izu Is (Torishima).
F. p. ernesti Res Solomon Is (Guadalcanal, Anusagaru I off Bougainville, Three Sisters Is, Mayr and Diamond 2001, Kolombangara, Richards; one rec Nissan, Hadden 2004b; visitor 4 recs Bougainville, Hadden 2004a; Makira, Dutson 2011).
F. p. nesiotes Res New Caledonia (Grande Terre, Loyalty Is incl old rec Walpole I, Barre and Dutson 2000), Vanuatu, Fiji 20 prs (Watling 2001).
F. p. japonensis Vis (prob this subsp) Nov-Jul Palau, Caroline Is (Yap), Hawaiian Is (several confirmed records, mostly NW Is, Pyle and Pyle 2009). Cas (prob this subsp) Mariana Is (Guam, Saipan, Reichel and Glass 1991). Acc s Izu Is (Torishima), Iwo Is (Kitaiwojima).
F. p. calidus Acc Mariana Is (Dec-Jan Rota, Wiles et al 2000).
F. p. tundrius Vis Sep-May Hawaiian Is (most records this subsp, Pyle and Pyle 2009), Johnston Atoll (6 recs, 2 confirmed this subsp, Pyle and Pyle 2009). Cas Revillagigedos Is (Clarion, Wanless et al 2009).
F. p. pealei Cas Hawaiian Is (specimens Kure, Nihoa, and at sea, Pyle and Pyle 2009).
F. p. subsp? Oct-Apr Guadalupe I, Clipperton I, Cocos I (Montoya 2003), Galapagos Is (mostly Nov-Mar, but also May-Jun). Acc Samoa (Savaii). At sea far from land on occasion (Palmer 1988).

Caracara lutosa Guadalupe Caracara
NOTE: Taxonomy of this species was discussed by Dove and Banks (1999).
Extinct; formerly res Guadalupe I .

Milvago chimango Chimango Caracara
M. c. subsp? Int Easter I.

STRIGOPIDAE (4 species)

Recent studies (see Christidis and Boles 2008, Chambers and Worthy 2013) show that the genera Strigops and Nestor are basal to the remaining Psittaciformes. Strigopidae has priority over Nestoridae (Boyd).

Nestor notabilis Kea
NOTE: This genus and the next are distinctive, possibly comprising family-level groups (Dickinson 2003).
Res NZ (SI 5000 inds).

N. meridionalis Kaka
N. m. septentrionalis Res NZ (NI incl Kapiti I and Little Barrier I; reint Maungatautari, Mt Bruce/Pukaha, Karori Sanctuary).
N. m. meridionalis Res NZ (SI, Stewart I, Codfish I; reint Orokonui).

N. productus Norfolk Island Kaka
Extinct. Formerly res Norfolk I incl Phillip I.

Strigops habroptila Kakapo
NOTE: David and Gosselin (2002b) established that Strigops by ICZN rule is feminine.
Res NZ, but extirpated NI and last surviving birds removed from SI (Fiordland, 1) and Stewart I (61). Possibility that Stewart I population resulted from introduction discussed by Holdaway et al 2001. Reint Little Barrier I where birds were removed but a few re-int 2012, Codfish I 46 inds. Translocation to Anchor I in progress (Miskelly and Powlesland 2013). Amazing 2002 breeding season, when about 32 of 50 eggs laid by 20 females on Codfish I=Whenua Hou were fertile, with first chicks hatching mid-Feb; total of 26 chicks hatched, with 24 surviving for total pop 86. As of Feb 2015, there are 124 Kakapo (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kakapo).

CACATUIDAE (3 species)

Eolophus roseicapillus Galah
NOTE: Some authors include this species in Cacatua; placement is uncertain, but Christidis and Boles (2008) separated it from Cacatua.
E. r. subsp.? Int NZ (NI w of Firth of Thames <100 inds).

Cacatua galerita Sulphur-crested Cockatoo
C. g. galerita Int, possibly self-int, NZ total pop <1000 inds (NI, SI).
C. g. triton Int Palau (southern Babelduab s to Mecherchar, Engbring 1988).

C. ducorpsii Ducorps's Cockatoo
Res Solomon Is except Ulawa, Rannonga, Simbo, Ramos, Makira, Rennell, Bellona (Hadden 2004aa).

PSITTACIDAE (46 species)

Inclusion of Lories in Psittacidae follows Boyd (http://jboyd.net/Taxo/List12.html#psittaciformes). Studies by Boon et al (2008) suggested that the genera Prosopeia, Eunymphicus, Cyanorhamphus, and Platycercus are closely-related.

Micropsitta finschii Finsch's Pygmy-Parrot
M. f. finschii Res Solomon Is (Ugi Is, Makira, Santa Ana, Rennell).
M. f. aolae Res Solomon Is (Guadalcanal, Malaita, Russell Is, Florida Is, Dutson 2011).
M. f. tristrami Res Solomon Is (Vella Lavella, Ranongga, Simbo, Ghizo, Kolombangara, Vonavona, Kohinggo, New Georgia, Vangunu, Rendova, Tetepare).
M. f. nanina Res Solomon Is (Nissan, Buka, Bougainville, Choiseul, Santa Isabel, Mayr and Diamond 2001, Hadden 2004a).

M. bruijnii Red-breasted Pygmy-Parrot
M. b. rosea Res Solomon Is (Guadalcanal, Kolombangara).
M. b. brevis Res Solomon Is (Bougainville).

Prosopeia tabuensis Red Shining-Parrot
P. t. taviunensis Res Fiji (Taveuni, Qamea).
P. t. atrogularis Res Fiji (Vanua Levu, Kioa).
P. t. koroensis Res Fiji (Koro).
The following subsp is presumed to consist of populations resulting from introductions of at least 2 subsp, or of captive-bred birds; the type spec was collected from Tonga (Eua, Watling 2001, Medway 2010a).
P. t. tabuensis Int Fiji (Gau), int Tonga (Eua 700-1000 inds, now extirpated Tongatapu, Late and Tofua, Fordham et al 2004).

P. splendens Kadavu Shining-Parrot
Res Fiji (Kadavu, Ono; int Viti Levu; est 9000 inds Kadavu, Masibalavu and Dutson 2006).

P. personata Masked Shining-Parrot
Res Fiji (Viti Levu; extirp Ovalau; est 155,000 inds, Masibalavu and Dutson 2006).

Eunymphicus cornutus Horned Parakeet
Res New Caledonia (Grande Terre 2000 inds, Barre and Dutson 2000).

E. uvaeensis Ouvea Parakeet
Res New Caledonia (Loyalty Is: Ouvea 617 (274-996) inds Robinet et al 1996, 2000 inds 2009 (Dutson 2011); introduction failed Lifou, Barre and Dutson 2000).

Cyanoramphus unicolor Antipodes Island Parakeet
Res Antipodes Is 2000-3000 inds.

C. novaezelandiae Red-crowned Parakeet
C. n. cyanurus May be polytypic (OSNZ 2010). Res Kermadec Is (10,000 prs Macauley, 50 prs Herald Is, extirp but poss re-establishing Raoul, Veitch et al 2004).
C. n. novaezelandiae (includes aucklandicus). Res NZ (NI, SI, Great Barrier I, Stewart I; Int Tiritiri Matangi I, Cuvier I, Whale I, Matiu/Somes I, Karori Sanctuary, Motuihe I), Auckland Is. Acc Dec-Feb 1974-1975 Snares Is (Miskelly et al 2001).
C. n. chathamensis Res Chatham Is (Mangere I, Little Mangere I, Rangatira = Southeast I, Chatham I, Pitt I; total 160 inds on the latter two islands).

C. erythrotis Macquarie Parakeet
NOTE: Biochemical evidence indicates that this taxon and the next are specifically distinct from C. novaezelandiae (Boon et al 2001), but the conclusion by the same authors that this taxon and the next are very similar was based on a specimen purportedly from Macquarie Island that in fact appears to have been obtained on Antipodes Is (Scofield 2005). The latter author suggested, therefore, that the two taxa be considered separate species pending further study. OSNZ (2010) took the reverse position, maintaining this taxon as a subspecies of C. novaezelandiae.
Extinct. Formerly res Macquarie I.

C. hochstetteri Reischek's Parakeet
Res Antipodes Is 4000-5000 inds.

C. saisseti New Caledonian Parakeet
NOTE:Mitochondrial DNA studies indicate this taxon is a separate species (Boon et al, 2001).
Res New Caledonia (Grande Terre).

C. cookii Tasman (Norfolk Island) Parakeet
NOTE: Sometimes considered subsp of novaezelandiae, but mitochondrial DNA studies show separate species (Boon et al 2001). On biogeographical grounds, Christidis and Boles (2008) considered cookii and subflavescens subspecies of cookii, contra OSNZ (2010).
C. c. cookii Res Norfolk I (250 inds, Christian 2005).
C. c. subflavescens Extinct. Formerly res Lord Howe I.

C. auriceps Yellow-crowned Parakeet
NOTE: Auckland Is birds may be subspecifically different (HANZAB), although recent extensive hybridization there with C. n. novaezelandiae may be genetically swamping auriceps (OSNZ 2010).
Res NZ (NI, SI, Stewart I, Codfish I; reint Long and Motuara Is, Queen Charlotte Sd; Mana I; in progress Maungatautari, Boundary Stream), Auckland Is.

C. forbesi Forbes' Parakeet
NOTE: DNA studies indicate C. a. forbesi is distinct from both C. auriceps and C. novaezelandiae (Boon et al 2000); the level of hybridization with C. n. chathamensis, however, has led to significant introgression. Chan et al (2005) found that only 18% of birds captured on Mangere I 1999-2003 were "pure". Nevertheless, extensive culling of hybrids has maintained relatively "pure" populations on Mangere.
Res <100 inds Chatham Is (Little Mangere I, Mangere I).

C. malherbi Orange-fronted Parakeet
NOTE: This taxon has been considered at various times a full species or a color-morph of C. auriceps Yellow-fronted Parakeet (Taylor et al 1986), but recent DNA studies and field work which found no mixed pairs with C. auriceps indicate that it is indeed genetically distinct from C. auriceps and appears to be more closely related to C. novaezelandiae Red-crowned Parakeet (Boon et al 2000; Kearvell et al 2003).
Res NZ (SI 200 inds: Hawdon Valley, South Hurunui Valley, North Hurunui Valley, Poulter Valley, poss Eglinton Valley; 6 chicks fledged in captivity 2004-2005, 13 released Chalky Island 2006, Southern Bird #26; at least 16 unbanded birds found Chalky Island late 2006 ie bred successfully; a few captive-fledged int to Maud I 2007; reint in progress Blumine I, Mayor I).

C. zealandicus Black-fronted Parakeet
Extinct. Formerly res Society Is (Tahiti).

C. ulietanus Raiatea Parakeet
Extinct. Formerly res Society Is (Raiatea).

Platycercus elegans Crimson Rosella
P. c. elegans (Forshaw and Cooper 1977). Int Norfolk I, NZ (NI, prob no extant established populations?), Lord Howe I where now extirpated (Hutton 1991).

P. eximius Eastern Rosella
P. e. eximius Int NZ (NI, SI Otago only, OSNZ 2010).
P. e. elecica Int NZ (NI, SI Otago?).
P. e. subsp? Acc Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004).

P. adscitus Pale-headed Rosella
P. a. palliceps Int Hawaiian Is (Maui, now extirp Pyle 2002, Pyle and Pyle 2009).

Chalcopsitta cardinalis Cardinal Lory
Res Solomon Is, incl Nissan (extirp? Hadden 2004b) and Ontong Java (1 rec- Hadden 2004b) but not Rennell (Dutson 2011).

Trichoglossus haematodus Rainbow Lory
T. h. massena Res Solomon Is incl Green Is (Tarburton 2006), ?Nuguria: 1 rec (Hadden 2004b), Santa Cruz Is: Vanikoro, Tikopia (Dutson 2001), but not Rennell or Duff Is (Dutson 2011); Vanuatu.
T. h. deplanchei Res New Caledonia (Grande Terre incl Ile de Pins, Loyalty Is: int 1970s Ouvea, Barre and Dutson 2000).

T. chlorolepidotus Scaly-breasted Lory
Acc Norfolk I (undated specimen, OSNZ 2010).

T. rubiginosus Pohnpei Lory
Res Caroline Is (Pohnpei).

Lorius chlorocercus Yellow-bibbed Lory
Res e Solomon Is (Savo, Guadalcanal, Malaita, Ulawa, Ugi Is, Santa Ana, Santa Catalina, Makira, Rennell, ?Bellona, Dutson 2011).

Phygis solitarius Collared Lory
Res Fiji except s Lau Arch.

Vini australis Blue-crowned Lorikeet
Res Wallis and Futuna (hundreds, Futuna, Alofi; extirp Uvea, Thibault et al 2015), Samoa (Savaii, Upolu, Manua Is), Tonga (incl Niuafoou, Rinke 1986), Fiji (s Lau Arch), Niue.

V. kuhlii Kuhl's (Rimatara) Lorikeet
Res Tubuai Is 900 inds (Rimatara). Formerly Res Cook Is (Aitutaki, Atiu, Mauke, Rarotonga, Mangaia; 27 transferred to Atiu from Rimatara 2007, first chick appeared 2008). Int Kiribati (Teraina, Tabueran).

V. stepheni Stephen's Lorikeet
Res Pitcairn Is (Henderson I).

V. peruviana Tahitian (Blue) Lorikeet
Res Cook Is (Int Aitutaki), Society Is (Manuae, Motu One, extirp Tahiti), Tuamotu Is (many islands incl Rangiroa).

V. ultramarina Ultramarine Lorikeet
Res Marquesas Is (Nuku Hiva, Ua Pou. Int Ua Huka).

Charmosyna palmarum Palm Lorikeet
Res Solomon Is (Santa Cruz Is incl Tikopia, Nupani, Nupaku, extirp Vanikoro? Dutson 2001), Vanuatu incl Banks Is.

C. meeki Meek's Lorikeet
Res Solomon Is (Bougainville, Santa Isabel, Kolombangara, New Georgia, Guadalcanal, Malaita, Dutson 2011).

C. placentis Red-flanked Lorikeet
C. p. pallidior Res Solomon Is (Nissan, Nuguria, Hadden 2004b, Buka, Bougainville).

C. diadema New Caledonian Lorikeet
Extinct? Res New Caledonia (Grande Terre; only known location Mt Ignambi, Dutson 2011).

C. amabilis Red-throated Lorikeet
Res Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Taveuni, Ovalau; critically endangered, only recent recs 1993 and 2001; poss <50 inds, Masibalavu and Dutson 2006).

C. margarethae Duchess Lorikeet
Res Solomon Is (Bougainville, Santa Isabel, Guadalcanal, Malaita, ?Ghizo, Kolombangara, Nggatokae, Makira, Santa Anna, Santa Catalina, Hadden 2004a, Dutson 2011).

Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot
Acc Sep Lord Howe I (McAllan et al 2004).

Geoffroyus heteroclitus Singing Parrot
G. h. heteroclitus Res Solomon Is except Rennell and islands off Makira (Dutson 2011).
G. h. hyacinthinus Res Solomon Is (Rennell).

Eclectus roratus Eclectus Parrot
E. r. solomonensis Res Solomon Is except Nissan and Rennell (Dutson 2011). Int Palau (Koror to Mecherchar; this subsp., Pratt and Etpison 2008).

Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet
P. k. manillensis &/or borealis (Pyle and Pyle 2009) Int Hawaiian Is (Kauai 500-1000 inds, Oahu; cas (not established?) Hawaii, Maui, Pyle and Pyle 2009).

Aratinga brevipes Socorro Parakeet
NOTE: AOU uses "Conure" instead of "Parakeet" for this genus.
Considered by some authors a subsp of A. holochlora Green Parakeet, but see Howell and Webb (1995).
Res Revillagigedo Is (Socorro I 400-500 inds).

A. mitrata Mitred Parakeet
NOTE: The flock on Hawaii may contain a few similar species as well as hybrids; R. David reports A. erythrogenys Red-masked Parakeet and also two birds suspected of being A. wagleri Red-fronted Parakeet (see Pyle and Pyle 2009).
A. m. mitrata Int Hawaiian Is (Maui, Hawaii, Pyle 2002; Runde and Pitt 2008).

A. erythrogenys Red-masked Parakeet
NOTE: The Oahu flock has a few A. acuticaudata Blue-crowned Parakeets (Pyle and Pyle 2009).
Int/escaped Hawaiian Is (Oahu, not accepted as established Hawaii, Pyle and Pyle 2009).

Cyanoliseus patagonus Burrowing Parakeet
C. p. subsp.? Hawaiian Is (Hawaii; escaped from airport cargo late 1980s; flocks present since including young; not considered established Pyle and Pyle 2009). These birds may be of the endangered Chilean subspecies (Jaramillo, David, HawaiiBirding).

Amazona viridigenalis Red-crowned Parrot
Int Hawaiian Is (Oahu, Pyle 2002, Pyle and Pyle 2009).